Nowhere is more central to the subject of the Late Pleistocene extinctions than the Americas. It was based on the staggering losses of megafauna here that an American geoscientist, Paul Martin, proposed his theory that the first humans to enter the New World were responsible for the elimination of most large-bodied species through overhunting, also […]
There are few places on the planet as distinctive as Australia. With its isolated geographical location and iconic landscapes, it captures the imagination of people the world over. Picturesque red deserts, glistening beaches, and Eucalyptus woodlands may provide its most characteristic scenery, but arcane rainforests, snow-covered mountains, and much more can be found on the
Imagine that it’s 30,000 years ago in a tropical savannah. A grove of palm trees lines a river nearby. What appears to be an elephant is bathing in the water while a crocodile is laying on the river bank, basking in the warm sun…
The world was a very different place during the height of last ice age-known as the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM)-with very different climates, landscapes, and floral and faunal distributions compared to our current epoch, the Holocene. The exact chronology of this period varies according to the source but it is generally considered to be the
One of the most contentious debates in all of archeology is when and how the Americas were first settled. For a while, it was claimed that the first people in the Americas were the “Clovis”. They were a group of big-game hunters with distinctive hunting tools that allegedly bypassed formidable glaciers through an inland ice-free
Genetic analysis can provide incredible and often counterintuitive discoveries about the relationships between and within species and their unique ancestral histories. A study was published 3 years ago which explored the genomes of three Pleistocene black bear genomes found in eDNA in central Mexico and compared them to genomes of black bears in the eastern,
If you’re well-versed in Pleistocene ecology, you’ve almost certainly heard about the steppe-tundra, also known as the mammoth steppe. During the Last Glacial Period, this biome covered vast parts of three continents: Europe, Asia, and North America. The name “steppe-tundra” refers to the fact that it contained a unique mixture of steppe and tundra species,
One of the most striking things about the glacial cycles of the last 2.5 million years is how species survived the various dramatic shifts in climate. Among the ways plants and animals survived unfavorable climatic phases was retreating to relatively small regions where conditions remained tolerable, and then using those areas as bases from which